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It was used on Roland products -released from the late 90s to early 2000s.</p> -<p>There was a physically incompatible and much rarer predecessor of -R-BUS called RMDB (Roland Multipurpose Digital Bus). RMDB is not the -subject of this article.</p> -<p>Much of the information here is gathered from schematics inside -service manuals for various Roland products, mainly the XV-5080 and -VS-2400. These can be easily found with a search through the -interwebz.</p> -<p>This article assumes minimal electronics knowledge from the reader. -As a matter of fact, the author is also a layperson in this space. -Report of any issues in the article would be appreciated.</p> -<p>For other R-BUS related stuff on this website, please visit <a href="/rbusif">this page</a>.</p> -<h2 id="tocanch1" class="tvis">Devices with R-BUS support</h2> -<p>Here is a not necessarily complete list of Roland products that comes -with at least one R-BUS connector:</p> -<ul> -<li>Mixing Console -<ul> -<li>VM-3100Pro</li> -<li>VM-7100 / VM-7200 (3 ports on optional VM-24E I/O expansion)</li> -</ul></li> -<li>Studio Workstation -<ul> -<li>VS-2400</li> -<li>VS-2480 (2 ports)</li> -<li>VSR-880</li> -</ul></li> -<li>Production Studio -<ul> -<li>MV-8000 / MV-8800 (available through the MV8-OP1 audio I/O -expansion)</li> -</ul></li> -<li>Synthesizer -<ul> -<li>XV-5080 (output only)</li> -</ul></li> -<li>Interface Modules -<ul> -<li>RPC-1 (Conventional PCI R-BUS interface)</li> -<li>ADA-7000 (A/D converter)</li> -<li>AE-7000 (R-BUS <=> AES/EBU converter)</li> -<li>DIF-AT (R-BUS <=> TDIF & ADAT converter)</li> -<li>DIF-AT24 (R-BUS to ADAT and MIDI interface, 24-bit)</li> -</ul></li> -</ul> -<h2 id="tocanch2" class="tvis">Pin definition</h2> -<p>Connection for VS-2400 and XV-5080 is extracted from their respective -service manuals. Pin usage inferred from these connections.</p> -<table> -<colgroup> -<col style="width: 13%"> -<col style="width: 31%"> -<col style="width: 31%"> -<col style="width: 22%"> -</colgroup> -<thead> -<tr class="header"> -<th style="text-align: center;">PIN</th> -<th style="text-align: center;">VS-2400</th> -<th style="text-align: center;">XV-5080</th> -<th style="text-align: left;">Usage</th> -</tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr class="odd"> -<td style="text-align: center;">1</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">+5V</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">+5V</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">Power output</td> -</tr> -<tr class="even"> -<td style="text-align: center;">2</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">RBOUT11</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">SDO4</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">Channel 1/2 output (<span style="text-decoration: overline;">SDOUT1</span><a id="n1" href="#note1" class="note">[1]</a>)</td> -</tr> -<tr class="odd"> -<td style="text-align: center;">3</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">RBOUT12</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">SDO5</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">Channel 3/4 output (<span style="text-decoration: overline;">SDOUT2</span>)</td> -</tr> -<tr class="even"> -<td style="text-align: center;">4</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">RBOUT13</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">SDO6</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">Channel 5/6 output (<span style="text-decoration: overline;">SDOUT3</span>)</td> -</tr> -<tr class="odd"> -<td style="text-align: center;">5</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">Ground</td> -</tr> -<tr class="even"> -<td style="text-align: center;">6</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">RBOUT14</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">SDO7</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">Channel 7/8 output (<span style="text-decoration: overline;">SDOUT4</span>)</td> -</tr> -<tr class="odd"> -<td style="text-align: center;">7</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">NC <a id="n2" href="#note2" class="note">[2]</a></td> -<td style="text-align: center;">NC</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">Unused?</td> -</tr> -<tr class="even"> -<td style="text-align: center;">8</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">RBIN14</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">NC</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">Channel 7/8 input (<span style="text-decoration: overline;">SDIN4</span>)</td> -</tr> -<tr class="odd"> -<td style="text-align: center;">9</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">Ground</td> -</tr> -<tr class="even"> -<td style="text-align: center;">10</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">RBIN13</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">NC</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">Channel 5/6 input (<span style="text-decoration: overline;">SDIN3</span>)</td> -</tr> -<tr class="odd"> -<td style="text-align: center;">11</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">RBIN12</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">NC</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">Channel 3/4 input (<span style="text-decoration: overline;">SDIN2</span>)</td> -</tr> -<tr class="even"> -<td style="text-align: center;">12</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">RBIN11</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">SDI2</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">Channel 1/2 input (<span style="text-decoration: overline;">SDIN1</span>)</td> -</tr> -<tr class="odd"> -<td style="text-align: center;">13</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">NC</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">NC</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">Power reception for bus-powered devices -<a id="n3" href="#note3" class="note">[3]</a></td> -</tr> -<tr class="even"> -<td style="text-align: center;">14</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">PC_TXD1</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">RBUS_TX</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">MIDI transmit <a id="n4" href="#note4" class="note">[4]</a></td> -</tr> -<tr class="odd"> -<td style="text-align: center;">15</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">Ground</td> -</tr> -<tr class="even"> -<td style="text-align: center;">16</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">Ground</td> -</tr> -<tr class="odd"> -<td style="text-align: center;">17</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">Ground</td> -</tr> -<tr class="even"> -<td style="text-align: center;">18</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">1FS</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">LRCK4</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">Frame sync (word clock) output</td> -</tr> -<tr class="odd"> -<td style="text-align: center;">19</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">Ground</td> -</tr> -<tr class="even"> -<td style="text-align: center;">20</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">Ground</td> -</tr> -<tr class="odd"> -<td style="text-align: center;">21</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">RBFS1</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">RBUS-WDCLK</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">Frame sync (word clock) input</td> -</tr> -<tr class="even"> -<td style="text-align: center;">22</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">Ground</td> -</tr> -<tr class="odd"> -<td style="text-align: center;">23</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">Ground</td> -</tr> -<tr class="even"> -<td style="text-align: center;">24</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">Ground</td> -</tr> -<tr class="odd"> -<td style="text-align: center;">25</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">PC_RXD1</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">RBUS_RX</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">MIDI receive <a id="n5" href="#note5" class="note">[5]</a></td> -</tr> -</tbody> -</table> -<h2 id="tocanch3" class="tvis">Official cable wiring</h2> -<p>Roland has only disclosed partial information on the wiring scheme -used by the official R-BUS cables. <a id="n6" href="#note6" class="note">[6]</a> -However, it’s rather easy to infer the full wiring scheme from that -information. This has been confirmed by other third-party sources. -<a id="n7" href="#note7" class="note">[7]</a> <a id="n8" href="#note8" class="note">[8]</a></p> -<table> -<colgroup> -<col style="width: 25%"> -<col style="width: 18%"> -<col style="width: 11%"> -<col style="width: 18%"> -<col style="width: 25%"> -</colgroup> -<thead> -<tr class="header"> -<th style="text-align: right;">Usage 🖙</th> -<th style="text-align: center;">Pin on one side</th> -<th style="text-align: center;">is connected to</th> -<th style="text-align: center;">Pin on the other side</th> -<th style="text-align: left;">🖘 Usage</th> -</tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr class="odd"> -<td style="text-align: right;">+5V</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">1</td> -<td style="text-align: center;"></td> -<td style="text-align: center;">13</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">+5V In</td> -</tr> -<tr class="even"> -<td style="text-align: right;">SDOUT1</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">2</td> -<td style="text-align: center;"></td> -<td style="text-align: center;">12</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">SDIN1</td> -</tr> -<tr class="odd"> -<td style="text-align: right;">SDOUT2</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">3</td> -<td style="text-align: center;"></td> -<td style="text-align: center;">11</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">SDIN2</td> -</tr> -<tr class="even"> -<td style="text-align: right;">SDOUT3</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">4</td> -<td style="text-align: center;"></td> -<td style="text-align: center;">10</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">SDIN3</td> -</tr> -<tr class="odd"> -<td style="text-align: right;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">5</td> -<td style="text-align: center;"></td> -<td style="text-align: center;">9</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">GND</td> -</tr> -<tr class="even"> -<td style="text-align: right;">SDOUT4</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">6</td> -<td style="text-align: center;"></td> -<td style="text-align: center;">8</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">SDIN4</td> -</tr> -<tr class="odd"> -<td style="text-align: right;">NC</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">7</td> -<td style="text-align: center;"></td> -<td style="text-align: center;">7</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">NC</td> -</tr> -<tr class="even"> -<td style="text-align: right;">SDIN4</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">8</td> -<td style="text-align: center;"></td> -<td style="text-align: center;">6</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">SDOUT4</td> -</tr> -<tr class="odd"> -<td style="text-align: right;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">9</td> -<td style="text-align: center;"></td> -<td style="text-align: center;">5</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">GND</td> -</tr> -<tr class="even"> -<td style="text-align: right;">SDIN3</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">10</td> -<td style="text-align: center;"></td> -<td style="text-align: center;">4</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">SDOUT3</td> -</tr> -<tr class="odd"> -<td style="text-align: right;">SDIN2</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">11</td> -<td style="text-align: center;"></td> -<td style="text-align: center;">3</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">SDOUT2</td> -</tr> -<tr class="even"> -<td style="text-align: right;">SDIN1</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">12</td> -<td style="text-align: center;"></td> -<td style="text-align: center;">2</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">SDIN1</td> -</tr> -<tr class="odd"> -<td style="text-align: right;">+5V In</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">13</td> -<td style="text-align: center;"></td> -<td style="text-align: center;">1</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">+5V</td> -</tr> -<tr class="even"> -<td style="text-align: right;">MIDI TX</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">14</td> -<td style="text-align: center;"></td> -<td style="text-align: center;">25</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">MIDI RX</td> -</tr> -<tr class="odd"> -<td style="text-align: right;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">15</td> -<td style="text-align: center;"></td> -<td style="text-align: center;">24</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">GND</td> -</tr> -<tr class="even"> -<td style="text-align: right;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">16</td> -<td style="text-align: center;"></td> -<td style="text-align: center;">23</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">GND</td> -</tr> -<tr class="odd"> -<td style="text-align: right;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">17</td> -<td style="text-align: center;"></td> -<td style="text-align: center;">22</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">GND</td> -</tr> -<tr class="even"> -<td style="text-align: right;">FS Out</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">18</td> -<td style="text-align: center;"></td> -<td style="text-align: center;">21</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">FS In</td> -</tr> -<tr class="odd"> -<td style="text-align: right;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">19</td> -<td style="text-align: center;"></td> -<td style="text-align: center;">20</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">GND</td> -</tr> -<tr class="even"> -<td style="text-align: right;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">20</td> -<td style="text-align: center;"></td> -<td style="text-align: center;">19</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">GND</td> -</tr> -<tr class="odd"> -<td style="text-align: right;">FS In</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">21</td> -<td style="text-align: center;"></td> -<td style="text-align: center;">18</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">FS Out</td> -</tr> -<tr class="even"> -<td style="text-align: right;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">22</td> -<td style="text-align: center;"></td> -<td style="text-align: center;">17</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">GND</td> -</tr> -<tr class="odd"> -<td style="text-align: right;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">23</td> -<td style="text-align: center;"></td> -<td style="text-align: center;">16</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">GND</td> -</tr> -<tr class="even"> -<td style="text-align: right;">GND</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">24</td> -<td style="text-align: center;"></td> -<td style="text-align: center;">15</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">GND</td> -</tr> -<tr class="odd"> -<td style="text-align: right;">MIDI RX</td> -<td style="text-align: center;">25</td> -<td style="text-align: center;"></td> -<td style="text-align: center;">14</td> -<td style="text-align: left;">MIDI TX</td> -</tr> -</tbody> -</table> -<h2 id="tocanch4" class="tvis">Electrical -characteristics of the interface</h2> -<h3 id="tocanch5" class="tvis">Power</h3> -<p>The +5V supply is derived straight from the +5V rail that goes into -the main board, with polarity protection (both in the XV-5080 and -VS-2400) provided with a Schottky diode, and sometimes current protected -with a thermistor (not present in the XV-5080).</p> -<p>The +5V pin measured 5.28V to ground on my XV-5080.</p> -<h3 id="tocanch6" class="tvis">Digital Audio</h3> -<p>The format of digital audio portion of R-BUS resembles <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C2%B2S">I²S</a>, but with a few -key differences:</p> -<ul> -<li>There’s no bit clock.</li> -<li>Sample data are transmitted as if they are 32-bit, despite only the -first 24-bit is being used.</li> -<li>Logic level on the data line is inverted.</li> -</ul> -<p>To give a standalone description of the R-BUS digital audio -protocol:</p> -<ul> -<li>The frame sync (word clock) signal runs at the same frequency as the -audio sampling rate.</li> -<li>When frame sync is low, left channel of each channel pair is being -transmitted, otherwise right channel is being transmitted.</li> -<li>Each half cycle of the frame sync clock is divided into 32 periods, -during each of which a bit of sample data is sent on every serial data -line.</li> -<li>Sample data are sent most significant bit (MSB) first. Each sample -is 24-bit long, leaving 8 bits unused at the end of each half cycle of -frame sync.</li> -<li>Logic low on the data line means the bit being sent is 1, and high -means it’s a 0.</li> -</ul> -<p>If you’d like a timing diagram of all this, please look up the -datasheet of TC9271 made by Toshiba (used in the XV-5080 as its S/PDIF -encoder chip). Figure 1b is a good representation of the relationship -between frame sync (LRCK in the datasheet) and audio data. The LRS=H -case in figure 3a shows how the frame sync signal sent over R-BUS should -be interpreted.</p> -<p>There are 4 serial data lines in each direction, giving the 8 -channels in total for each direction. Each direction has its own frame -sync signal, which is shared among all data lines in that direction.</p> -<h3 id="tocanch7" class="tvis">MIDI</h3> -<p>What is sent over the MIDI wires in the R-BUS cable has not been -confirmed by me.</p> -<p>The MIDI interface is used differently on different Roland -products:</p> -<ul> -<li>XV-5080 seem to ignore everything on the R-BUS MIDI interface, -despite having all the facilities to handle it. Roland disclosed this in -RPC-1’s user manual (see the section on XV-5080). I have not tested this -claim.</li> -<li>MV-8000 series with MV8-OP1 installed can use the R-BUS MIDI output -as a separate MIDI port. Data going into the R-BUS MIDI port will be -mixed with the built-in MIDI input.</li> -<li>VM-3100Pro can pass through the MIDI data to its built-in MIDI -ports, and can control the host sequencer if connected to a -computer.</li> -<li>V-Studio products can receive MIDI clock over R-BUS.</li> -<li>Any aspects / products not mentioned here are unknown to me.</li> -</ul> -<p>Roland calls the signals that go in to / out of these pins “IPC” or -“PC”. <a id="n9" href="#note9" class="note">[9]</a></p> -<p>Inside both the VS-2400 and the XV-5080, the signal is generated / -goes into a dedicated microcontroller (a M3888 1M2), specifically, a -pair of its UART ports. An inverter is between the R-BUS connector and -the MCU in each direction of the signal.</p> -<p>Roland claims in VS-2480’s manual that R-BUS carries 8 channels of -bidirectional digital audio (which are already fully accounted for in -the previous section), plus MIDI, MMC (MIDI Machine Control) and MTC -(MIDI Timecode).</p> -<p>The factual portion of this section ends here. Everything below is my -guesswork. Since MMC commands and MTC are both usually just sent as -normal MIDI messages, it’s a reasonable assumption that, the only thing -that is transmitted over these wires is MIDI, which is also why I named -them MIDI TX/RX in my pin usage chart.</p> -<p>Since MIDI is pretty much just UART with a bit of isolation, I would -venture a guess that the signal sent / expected on these two pins is -just inverted MIDI UART signal.</p> -<p>It would be pretty trivial to build some experimental circuitry to -test my theory. Maybe I’ll do it one day. However this may end up with -nothing – as the XV-5080 will probably just ignore the MIDI data going -through R-BUS.</p> -</article> -</div><br><hr> - <div class="TText" id="notediv" style="font-size:80%;"><span class="TText"><a id="note1" href="#n1">[1]</a>: Serial data -output (input). Overline indicates that 1-bit is represented with low -logic level and 0-bit with high logic level. Same -below.<br></span><span class="TText"><a id="note2" href="#n2">[2]</a>: Not connected. Same -below.<br></span><span class="TText"><a id="note3" href="#n3">[3]</a>: Inferred from wiring scheme<br></span><span class="TText"><a id="note4" href="#n4">[4]</a>: Often abbreviated -as TX.<br></span><span class="TText"><a id="note5" href="#n5">[5]</a>: Often abbreviated -as RX.<br></span><span class="TText"><a id="note6" href="#n6">[6]</a>: <a href="https://support.roland.com/hc/en-us/articles/201978779-R-BUS-RBUS-RBC-RBC-5-Where-Can-I-Find-an-R-BUS-Cable">R-BUS, -RBUS, RBC, RBC-5: Where Can I Find an R-BUS Cable?</a><br></span><span class="TText"><a id="note7" href="#n7">[7]</a>: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240204170917/https://www.vsplanet.com/ubbthreads/ubbthreads.php?ubb=showflat&Number=450346">Roll -your own: R-Bus Cable Pin Out.</a><br></span><span class="TText"><a id="note8" href="#n8">[8]</a>: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211204221550/https://themidimaniac.com/diy-r-bus-cable-for-20e/">DIY -R-BUS cable for 20€</a><br></span><span class="TText"><a id="note9" href="#n9">[9]</a>: I have no idea what these could mean. My -software-dominated brain tells me they stand for “Inter-Process -Communication” and “Program Counter” but they clearly stand for -something else here.<br></span></div> - <div id="insanch" style="height:3em;"></div> - <div id="footer" style=""> - <div id="pagesw" class="TText" style="width:100%;height:0.5em;"></div> - <div style="text-align:center;" class="TText"> - Proudly powered by SSBS <reduced style="font-size:70%;">(the static stupid blogging system)</reduced> 2.5 - <br> - Content licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. <span id="purgep" style="display:none;font-size:70%;">This page has passphrase(s) stored. 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